Causes of high Cholesterol

Causes of high cholesterol divided into genetic and secondary factors

Genetic factors causing high cholesterol

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT) deficiency(Fish eye disease)

Age: Young adult

Abnormality: Total cholesterol variable with elevated VLDL.

Features: Corneal opacities,

               Hemolytic anemia,

               Renal insufficiency,

               Premature arteriosclerosis.

Treatment: Fat restricted diet,

                 Kidney transplantation

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis

Age: Young adult

Features: Cerebellar ataxia

               Dementia,

               Spinal cord paresis,

              Decreased intelligence,

              Tendon xanthomas,

              Catracts

Treatment: None

Sitosterolemia

Age: Childhood,

Abnormality: Elevated intestinal absorption of plant sterols and dietary cholesterol,

Features: Tendon xanthomas.

Secondary factors causing high cholesterol

High total cholesterol

Hypothyroidism(Decreased secretion of thyroid gland),

Obstructive liver disease,

Nephrotic syndrome,

Anorexia nervosa,

Acute intermittent porphyria,

High triglycerides

Obesity,

Diabetes mellitus,

Chronic renal failure,

Lipodystrophy,

Glycogen storage disease,

Alcohol,

Ileal bypass surgery,

Stress,

Sepsis,

Pregnancy,

Acute hepatitis,

Systemic lupus erythematosus,

Monoclonal gammopathy,

Multiple myeloma,

Lymphomas.

Low HDL level

Malnutrition,

Obesity,

Cigarette smoking.

Drugs causing high cholesterol level

Estrogrn,

Progestogens,

Cyclosporine(Drug for cancer)

Isoretinoin,

Beta blockers,

Glucocortcoids,

Bile acid-binding resins,

Thiazides(Diuretics)

 Factors causing  high cholesterol should be analyzed and controlled before taking medicine to control cholesterol.

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